Inspired by his neighbour Alexander Scriabin, Pasternak resolved to become a composer and entered the Moscow Conservatory. Pasternak aspired first to be a composer, turned next to philosophy and then eventually to writing as his vocation. Pasternak was brought up in a highly cosmopolitan and intellectual atmosphere: family friends and regular visitors to his childhood home included pianist and composer Sergei Rachmaninoff, composer and mystic Alexander Scriabin, existentialist Lev Shestov, poet Rainer Maria Rilke, and writer Leo Tolstoy. The family claimed to be descended on the paternal line from Isaac Abrabanel, the famous 15th-century Sephardic Jewish treasurer of Portugal. His father was the famous artist, Leonid Pasternak, professor at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture, and his mother was Rosa (Raitza) Kaufman, a concert pianist. Pasternak was born in Moscow on 10 February, (Gregorian), 1890 (Julian 29 January) into a wealthy and assimilated Russian-Jewish family. Pasternak received the Nobel Prize for Literature the following year, an event which both humiliated and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Banned in Russia, Doctor Zhivago was smuggled to the West and published in 1957. Outside his homeland, Pasternak is best known for authoring Doctor Zhivago, a novel set during the last years of the House of Romanov and the earliest daysof the Soviet Union. In his native Russia, Pasternak's anthology My Sister Life, is one of the most influential collections ever published in the Russian language.
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